Are you guys currently sitting in 11th grade and struggling with news text material? Don't worry, you're not alone! Many students find it difficult to understand the structure, characteristics, and how to analyze news texts correctly. This article is here to help you understand news texts better by providing examples of questions and discussions. Let's dive in!

Apa itu Teks Berita?

Before we dive deeper into examples of questions, it's important for us to understand what a news text actually is. News text is a text that reports an event or information that is factual, actual, important, and interesting to the public. The main purpose of news text is to provide information to readers, listeners, or viewers about events that are happening.

Ciri-ciri Teks Berita

So, how do we recognize a news text? Here are some of the features:

1. Factual: Based on real events, not fiction or rumors.
2. Actual: The events reported are current or recent.
3. Objective: Reported without the author's personal opinion.
4. Complete and Balanced: Covers all important aspects of the event from various perspectives.
5. Clear and Concise: Uses language that is easy to understand and not convoluted.

Struktur Teks Berita

News text generally has the following structure:

1. Headline: A short, striking title that summarizes the content of the news.
2. Lead: The opening paragraph that contains the most important information (usually contains the 5W+1H elements: What, Who, When, Where, Why, and How).
3. Body: The main part of the news that explains the lead in more detail and provides supporting information.
4. Tail: Additional information or background related to the event (optional).

Contoh Soal dan Pembahasan

Okay, now let's move on to some examples of news text questions along with discussions so you can better understand how to solve them.

Contoh Soal 1

Teks Berita:

Jakarta, Kompas.com – Heavy rain that flushed Jakarta and its surroundings since Sunday night (23/6/2024) has caused flooding in several areas. According to data from the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) DKI Jakarta, as of Monday morning (24/6/2024), there were at least 50 locations affected by flooding with varying water levels, ranging from 30 cm to 1 meter. The worst affected areas are in South Jakarta and East Jakarta.

"We are still collecting data and coordinating with relevant parties to evacuate residents affected by the floods," said Head of BPBD DKI Jakarta, Isnawa Adji, Monday morning.

The floods were caused by the overflowing of several rivers, including the Ciliwung River and the Pesanggrahan River. In addition to flooding, heavy rain also caused landslides in several areas in Bogor and Depok.

Pertanyaan:

What is the main topic of the news text above?

A. Landslides in Bogor and Depok B. Evacuation of flood victims in Jakarta C. Flooding in Jakarta and its surroundings D. The overflowing of the Ciliwung River and the Pesanggrahan River E. Coordination of BPBD DKI Jakarta with relevant parties

Pembahasan:

The main topic of the news text is flooding in Jakarta and its surroundings caused by heavy rain. This can be seen from the first paragraph which clearly states the incident and its impact. Therefore, the correct answer is C.

Contoh Soal 2

Teks Berita:

Bandung, Pikiran Rakyat – The Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) has issued an early warning regarding the potential for extreme weather in West Java in the next few days. This is due to the influence of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) phenomenon which can increase rainfall intensity.

"We urge the public to remain vigilant and take precautions against the potential for floods, landslides, and strong winds," said BMKG Bandung Coordinator, Dr. Siswanto, in his official statement, Tuesday (25/6/2024).

BMKG also appealed to local governments to be prepared to anticipate and mitigate the impacts of extreme weather. This includes preparing evacuation routes, logistical assistance, and ensuring that drainage systems function properly.

Pertanyaan:

What is the 5W + 1H element that is NOT contained in the news text above?

A. What (What) B. Who (Who) C. When (When) D. Where (Where) E. Why (Why) F. How (How)

Pembahasan:

Let's analyze the 5W+1H elements in the text:

• What: Potential for extreme weather in West Java
• Who: BMKG, Dr. Siswanto, local governments, the public
• When: The next few days, Tuesday (25/6/2024)
• Where: West Java, Bandung
• Why: Influence of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) phenomenon
• How: (How this extreme weather will impact or how to anticipate it is not explained in detail)

So, the element that is NOT explicitly mentioned is How. The correct answer is F.

Contoh Soal 3

Teks Berita:

Surabaya, Detik.com – The East Java Regional Police have uncovered a syndicate of counterfeit money producers operating in Surabaya. In the raid, officers arrested four suspects and confiscated evidence in the form of hundreds of millions of rupiah in fake money, printing equipment, and other supporting materials.

"This syndicate has been operating for the past six months and has managed to circulate fake money in several regions in East Java," said the Head of Public Relations of the East Java Regional Police, Kombes Pol. Dirmanto, during a press conference, Wednesday (26/6/2024).

The police are still investigating the case further to uncover the network and the flow of funds from the counterfeit money business.

Pertanyaan:

What is the purpose of the news text above?

A. To inform the public about the circulation of counterfeit money in East Java. B. To explain the modus operandi of the counterfeit money syndicate. C. To report the East Java Regional Police's success in uncovering the counterfeit money syndicate. D. To appeal to the public to be vigilant against the circulation of counterfeit money. E. To describe the evidence confiscated by the police in the counterfeit money case.

Pembahasan:

The main purpose of the news text is to report the East Java Regional Police's success in uncovering the counterfeit money syndicate. This is the core information conveyed in the text. Therefore, the correct answer is C.

Contoh Soal 4

Teks Berita:

Medan, Antara News – The price of shallots in traditional markets in Medan has skyrocketed in the past week. This is due to the limited supply of shallots from farmers, due to the drought that hit several shallot producing areas.

"The supply is indeed reduced, so the price has gone up. Usually, I sell for Rp30,000 per kilogram, now it's Rp50,000," said one of the traders at Petisah Market, Medan, Thursday (27/6/2024).

The Head of the Medan City Trade Office said that his party would coordinate with relevant agencies to stabilize the price of shallots. One of the efforts being made is to distribute shallots from other regions that have surplus stocks.

Pertanyaan:

What is the impact of the drought on the price of shallots in Medan?

A. Shallots become difficult to find in the market. B. The quality of shallots decreases. C. The price of shallots skyrockets. D. Shallot traders suffer losses. E. The supply of shallots increases.

Pembahasan:

The text clearly states that the drought caused a limited supply of shallots, which then caused the price to skyrocket. Therefore, the correct answer is C.

Contoh Soal 5

Teks Berita:

Yogyakarta, Republika – Gadjah Mada University (UGM) launched an electric car called "Gama Electric" at the UGM campus on Friday (28/6/2024). This electric car is the result of research and development by UGM students and lecturers over the past three years.

"Gama Electric is our contribution to supporting the development of environmentally friendly transportation in Indonesia," said the Rector of UGM, Prof. Dr. Pratikno, during the launch ceremony.

The electric car is claimed to be able to travel up to 200 km on a single charge. UGM plans to mass-produce Gama Electric in collaboration with several industrial partners.

Pertanyaan:

What is the main idea of ​​the third paragraph of the news text above?

A. The launch of the Gama Electric car at the UGM campus. B. Gama Electric is the result of research by UGM students and lecturers. C. Gama Electric's contribution to the development of environmentally friendly transportation. D. Gama Electric's ability to travel up to 200 km on a single charge. E. UGM's plan to mass-produce Gama Electric.

Pembahasan:

The third paragraph discusses Gama Electric's ability to travel up to 200 km on a single charge and UGM's plan to mass-produce it. However, the main idea is more focused on UGM's plan for mass production. Therefore, the most appropriate answer is E.

Tips for Understanding News Text

Here are some tips that can help you better understand news texts:

1. Read Carefully: Read the text slowly and carefully, paying attention to every word and sentence.
2. Identify the Main Idea: Try to identify the main idea or core information conveyed in the text.
3. Note Important Information: Make a note of important information such as the 5W+1H elements, names of people involved, locations, and dates.
4. Pay Attention to Structure: Understand the structure of the news text (headline, lead, body, tail) to help you find information more easily.
5. Practice Regularly: The more you practice reading and analyzing news texts, the better you will become at understanding them.

Conclusion

Guys, hopefully, these examples of news text questions and discussions can help you better understand the material in class 11. Remember to always practice reading and analyzing news texts from various sources to improve your skills. Good luck and keep learning! You got this! Understanding news text is super useful, not just for school but also to keep you informed about what's happening around the world. Keep up the great work! You'll be analyzing news like a pro in no time. Good luck with your studies!